Which of the following glands is responsible for regulating metabolism?

The thyroid gland plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism, primarily by producing hormones such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones are instrumental in controlling the rate at which the body converts food into energy, thereby influencing metabolic processes. The thyroid regulates many body functions, including heart rate, temperature regulation, and the rate of calorie burning, all of which are essential for maintaining overall metabolism and energy balance.

In contrast, while the pituitary gland secretes hormones that can influence various endocrine glands, it does not directly regulate metabolism. The adrenal glands produce hormones involved in stress responses and metabolism, but their focus is more on energy use during times of stress rather than on the general metabolic rate. The pancreas mainly regulates blood sugar levels through insulin and glucagon, making it vital for metabolic processes related to glucose but not for overarching metabolic regulation like that of the thyroid gland.