What role does glucagon play in the body?

Glucagon plays a crucial role in the regulation of blood sugar levels in the body by increasing them. It is a hormone produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas. When blood glucose levels are low, glucagon is secreted to stimulate the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, which is then released into the bloodstream. This process, known as glycogenolysis, raises blood sugar levels, providing the body with the necessary energy it needs during periods of fasting or intensive physical activity. Additionally, glucagon promotes gluconeogenesis, the process of creating glucose from non-carbohydrate sources. This hormone is a vital counter-regulatory mechanism to insulin, which lowers blood sugar levels, helping to maintain homeostasis in blood glucose levels within a healthy range.