What condition often results from an underactive thyroid gland?

An underactive thyroid gland, known as hypothyroidism, occurs when the thyroid does not produce enough thyroid hormones. These hormones are essential for regulating metabolism, energy levels, and overall bodily functions. When hormone levels are low, individuals may experience symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, and depression, which are characteristic of hypothyroidism. The condition can lead to a variety of health problems if left untreated, including cardiovascular issues and mental health concerns.

Other choices include a range of different conditions that do not directly relate to an underactive thyroid. Hypoglycemia refers to low blood sugar levels and is not caused by thyroid function. Hyperthyroidism is the opposite of hypothyroidism, characterized by an overactive thyroid gland. Diabetes insipidus involves a different mechanism related to antidiuretic hormone and is unrelated to thyroid function. Thus, hypothyroidism is the accurate condition resulting from an underactive thyroid gland.